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Sleep Apnea is a life-threatening but treatable disorder characterized by snoring and pauses in breathing during sleep, and it can lead to the development of many chronic diseases. It is more commonly seen in men, who are often overweight and have short necks; however, it can also occur in lean individuals and women. Its prevalence …

Migraine is not merely a headache; rather, it is a complex condition consisting of prodromal symptoms, aura, the headache phase, and postdromal symptoms. From 1 to 3 days before the headache, symptoms such as excessive fatigue, unexplained mood elevation, depression, difficulty concentrating, irritability, hyperactivity, drowsiness, increased appetite, and frequent yawning may occur. During the aura …

Three key factors that prolong human life and have been clearly confirmed by scientific research are regular physical activity, moderate food intake, and a consistent sleep rhythm. In this article, I would like to focus on physical activity. There are numerous scientific studies demonstrating that when performed regularly, physical activity provides significant benefits for both …

Fibromyalgia, frequently encountered in modern life and affecting women more commonly, is a condition characterized by widespread muscle and joint pain despite the absence of a clearly identifiable underlying cause. Patients often complain of poorly localized muscle pain, easy fatigability, and generalized weakness. Before a diagnosis of fibromyalgia can be made, it is essential to …

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a noninvasive diagnostic method that records the brain’s spontaneous electrical activity through electrodes. This examination reflects the brain’s functional status at a given moment rather than its structural characteristics. Therefore, despite advances in structural imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, EEG remains an important tool. Its value is even greater in …

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disease that can occur at any age, but it is more commonly seen in women between the ages of 20 and 40. It is characterized by impaired transmission of nerve impulses from the nerve ending to the muscle fiber and follows a course of remissions and exacerbations. The disease results …

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a condition characterized by an urge to move the arms or legs—most commonly the legs—that occurs particularly during periods of rest or sleep. This urge is often accompanied by difficult-to-describe sensations such as numbness, tingling, burning, or pain. Moving the affected limb temporarily reduces or relieves these sensations, even if …

Dementia, commonly referred to in everyday language as “senility” or “memory loss,” can be briefly defined as the loss of intellectual functions to a degree that interferes with daily living activities. The term dementia originates from Greek, derived from de-mense, meaning “loss of the mind.” It is used to describe the gradual deterioration and loss …

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Recep ALP The part of the nervous system located within the cranial cavity and the spinal cord is called the central nervous system, while the parts that branch out from this region and spread throughout the entire body are called the peripheral (circumferential) nervous system. Peripheral nerve diseases are defined as the …

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Recep ALPNeurology Specialist The clinical condition that arises from sudden, transient, and abnormal electrical discharges in brain cells is called a seizure. However, not everyone who experiences an epileptic seizure is considered to have epilepsy. An individual may experience an epileptic seizure only once in their lifetime. If seizures recur over time …